Case study (12 Questions)_Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease Essay

Case study (12 Questions)_Chronic Obstructive pulmonary disease - Essay Example Antibiotic therapy is directed at the most common pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Mild to moderate exacerbations of COPD are usually treated with older broad-spectrum antibiotics such as doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium. While doing the abovementioned management for the patient, detailed history should be done, if not obtained from the patient, from the companion. Risk factors, medications,measures done should be detailed. The vital signs of the patient should be checked constantly making sure that values are within normal. In-depth physical examination, not only of the respiratory system, but also of other systems should be done. The patient should be hooked on pulse oximeter to check for oxygenation status. Angela is also extremely distressed on arrival and asks "She is going to be all right isnt she? I know this is my fault - I wanted her to do everything – spend time with me when I knew she was busy!" Chronic pulmonary obstructive diseases is characterized by the inflammation of the lungs especially the small airways as a reaction of the body to inhaled toxins, cigarette smoke, dust and other particles due to air pollution or indoor cooking. Chronic productive cough, sputum and bronchoconstriction also result due to chronic bronchitis but ciliary dysfunctions may cause difficulties in expectorating (Devereux, 2006). The inflammation triggers a series of reactions that can lead to destruction of tissues, defense and repair mechanisms. Overworked proteases and antioxidants that fight off oxidative stress created by lung inflammation causes imbalance of these molecules in the lungs. Metalloproteases and other proteases increase due to increased number of macrophages, neutrophils, and T lymphocytes which are also involved in the pathogenesis of emphysema due to injuries in

History ID's Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History ID's - Assignment Example laid the ground for World War 2 because it is considered to be the main cause for the rise of the Nazis in Germany and it was violated by Germany due to the strict restrictions laid upon the nation. President Warren G. Harding was the president of the United States of America from 1921 to 1923. He just stayed for two years in rule because of his death in 1923 due to a heart attack. Warren G. Harding won his elections with the promise that he would pull America out of the war and its effects. He kept his word and proved to provide good economic policies for the country which included the formation of the federal budget bureau. He supported civil rights but his government was marred by scandals and particularly it was the Teapot Dome scandal. In this scandal his interior secretary Albert Fall sold the oil reserve rights in Teapot and other significant locations for money and other personal benefits. Archduke Francis Ferdinand was the Archduke of Austria. He was born in 1863 and was assassinated in 1914. In 1889 his cousin shot himself, giving the Archduke’s father the rights to throne and making Archduke Francis Ferdinand the successor to the throne. It was in 1896 after the death of his father that he became the heir apparent to the Austria-Hungarian throne. His assassination in 1914 in Sarajevo was a very important event in the history of the world because it sparked the First World War. Francis Ferdinand was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip of Serbia. This led to a war between Austria and Serbia. Austria was backed by Germany and Italy whereas Serbia was allied with Britain, France and Russia. This war was joined by other nations of the world and hence led to the world war. Ku Klux Klan is the name given to racist groups which emerged in the United States after the American Civil War. This group was composed of extremists who considered the whites to be superior over other races. They did not believe in equal rights. They resorted to violence and started